Figure 48: The acceleration parameter of extragalactic systems, spanning ten
decades in baryonic mass . X-ray emitting galaxy groups and clusters are visibly offset from
smaller systems, but by a remarkably modest amount over such a long baseline. The characteristic
acceleration scale is in the data, irrespective of the interpretation. And it actually plays
various other independent roles in observed galaxy phenomenology. This is natural in MOND (see
Section 5.2), but not in CDM (see Section 4.3).
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