Equation Icon  dˆx (t) pˆ+ α (t)𝒩ˆ dpˆ(t) ----- = ˆv (t) = -----------, ----- = 0, dt M dt (233 ) dΦˆ(t) α(t)[ˆp + α (t)𝒩 ˆ ] d𝒩ˆ (t) ------= ----------------= α(t)ˆv(t), ------ = 0. dt M dt