Figure 52: Upper panel: Evolution of as a function of redshift for the absolute best-fit
averaged model represented by the diamond in Figure 51. One can see that all positively curved
FLRW models ( ) and only highly negatively curved FLRW models ( ) can be
excluded by the estimation of . Central panel: Evolution of the coordinate distance for
the best-fit averaged model (solid line), for a CDM model with ,
and (dashed line), and for the FLRW model with the same parameters as
the best-fit averaged model (dashed-dotted line). Lower panel: Evolution of the Hubble parameter
for the best-fit averaged model (solid line), the FLRW model with the same parameters
as the averaged best-fit model (dashed-dotted line), and for the same CDM model as in the
central panel (dashed line). The error bars in all panels correspond to the expectations for future
large surveys like Euclid.
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